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Latin to English Translations

Compiled by RAY SESTAK

© Copyright 1998, tables and text by Ray Sestak

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Latin English Latin English
a (ab) from, by ab hoc mense from this month on
abava great-great grandmother abavus great-great grandfather
abdormitus died abdormivit he/she died
abinde since abiit he/she died
abitus est he/she died, went away abjectarius cabinetmaker, woodworker
abluo I baptize, I wash ablutus est he was baptized
abs from, by abscessus death
absque without, except abstersus baptized
ac and acatholicus non-Catholic, Protestant
accola local resident acquiescat he/she reposes, dies
acquietus he died acra acre
actum record adhuc as yet, still
adjutor assistant adjuvenis assistant
adolescens young man, adolescent advenit he appeared, came
advocatus lawyer aeger sick
aegyptus gypsy aequalis equal
aetas (aetatis) age aetate (being) in the age of, age
affinitas relationship by marriage affirmavit he/she affirmed, confirmed
agentis of the official agnatus blood relative in the male line
agonia cramps agricola farmer
ahenarius coppersmith albus white
alemannus German alian also, otherwise, or, at, called
alibi elsewhere, at another time aliud (alius) other, another
allemania Germany altare altar
alter the next, the other alutarius tanner
ambo both, two together amita aunt, father's sister
amitinus cousin, child of the father's sister ancilla female servant
ancillus male servant anglia England
anima soul, spirit anno in the year (of)
anno domini in the year of (our) Lord anno incarnationis in the year of the incarnation
annus year ante before, in front of, prior
antiquus old, senior apoplexia stroke
aprilis of April apud at the house of, at, by, near
aqua water archivum archive
arma coat of arms armiger gentleman, squire
armorum of coat of arms at but
augusti of August aurifaber goldsmith
aut or autem but, however, moreover
auxentium Alsace ava grandmother
avi ancestors, grandparents avia grandmother
aviaticus nephew avunculus uncle, mothers brother
avus grandfather    

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Latin English Latin English
baillivus bailiff bannorum, liber register of marriage banns
bannum bann, marriage proclamation baptisma baptism
baptismatis of baptism baptismus baptism
baptizatorum, liber register of baptisms baptizatus est he was baptized
baptizavi I baptized, have baptized beatus blessed, deceased
bene well bergarius shepherd
biduum two-day period biennium two-year period
bona possessions bonus good
bordarius cottager, tenant borussia Prussia
brasiator brewer burgensis citizen

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Latin English Latin English
cadaver dead body caelebs bachelor, single man
caelum heaven, sky caementarius stonemason
calcearius shoemaker calciator shoemaker
caledonia Scotland caligator shoemaker
cambria Wales capella chapel
capellanus chaplain carnarius butcher
carpentarius carpenter casale estate, village
casatus cottager cataster land, property record
catholicus Catholic caupo (cauponis) innkeeper
causa cause, sake, because of celator turner
celebraverunt they celebrated, ...married census census
centenarius a person one hundred years old centisimus hundredth
centum hundred cerdo (cerdonis) handworker
chirurgus surgeon chramarius merchant
cimeterium cemetary cingarus gypsy
circa about, around circiter about, approximately
civis  citizen clausit he/she finished, closed
clausum closed, finished coelebs bachelor, single man
coemeterium cemetary cognationis blood relationship
cognomen name, family name, surname collis hill
colonus colonist, settler, resident comes count
comitas county comitatus county
commater godmother commorantes living, residing
comparatio presence, appearance comparuit he/she appeared, was present
compater godfather compos in possession of
concepta est she was pregnant concessit consented
conditione, sub conditionally conjugatus married
conjuges married couple conjugum of/from the married couple
conjuncti sunt they were joined (in marriage) conjux spouse
consanguinitatis of blood relationship consobrina female cousin (mothers side)
consobrinus male cousin (mothers side) consors (consortis) wife
contra against, opposite contracti contracted, drawn together
contraxerunt they contracted (marriage) convulsionis of convulsions
copulati sunt they were married, joined copulationis of marriage
copulatus married, joined copulavit he married (performed wedding)
coquus cook coram in the presence of
coriarius tanner, leatherworker corpus (corporis) body
cras tomorrow creatura dei foundling (creature of God)
cum with cuprifaber coppersmith
cur why currarius carriage builder
custos (custodis) custodian, guard    

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Latin English Latin English
datum date, given de of, from, by, concerning, about
debilitas illness, weakness decanatus deanery, section of a diocese
decanus deacon decem ten
decembris of December decessit he/she died
decessus died, death decimus tenth
decretum decree decubuit he/she died, lay down
dedit he/she gave deflorata deflowered, no longer virgin
defuit he/she departed, died defunctorum of the dead (people)
defunctorum, liber register of the deceased defunctus est he died
defungitur he/she dies, is discharged dei of God
deinde then, thereafter, next denatus deceased, dead
denatus est he died, has died denunciatio publication of marriage banns
desponsationis engagement desponsatus engaged
deus God dexter right
dictus said, stated, known as didymus twin
die on the day dies (diei) day
dignus worthy dimidium half
diocesis diocese discessit he/she died
disponsationis permission divortium divorce
dodum formerly, recently domi at home
domicella young lady, servant, nun domicellus young nobleman, servant
domina lady dominica Sunday
dominus lord, rule, the Lord (Christ) domus home, house, family
dos (dotis) dowry duae two
ducatus duchy ducentesimus two hundredth
ducenti two hundred ducis see dux
dum while, when, until, as long as duo two
duodecim twelve duodecimus twelfth
duodevicesimus eighteenth duodeviginti eighteen
dux duke, leader dysenteria dysentery

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Latin English Latin English
e out of, from eadem the same
eam her ebdomada week
ecclampsia convulsions ecclesia church
ego I ejusdem the same
elapsus past, elapsed empicus lung disease
enim for, namely, truly eodem the same
episcopus bishop equalis equal
eques (equitis) knight, cavalry soldier erant they were
ergo therefore, because of erratum error
esse to be est he/she is
et and, even etiam and also, and even
eum him ex from, out of (places of origin)
exhalavit animam he/she breathed out his/her soul extra outside of, beyond
extremum last extremum munitus last rites provided
exulatus exile    

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Latin English Latin English
faber maker, smith factus made
falso falsely, incorrectly familia family
famulus servant feber (febris) fever
februarii of February fecunda pregnant
femina female, woman fere almost, nearly
feria day, holiday festum feast, festival, wedding
fidelis faithful figulus potter
filia daughter filiaster stepson
filiastra stepdaughter filiola little daughter
filiolus little son filius son
finis border, end fluxus dysentery
focus hearth, fireplace, home foderator fuller, cloth worker
folium page fons (fontis) baptismal font, spring
fossor grave digger, miner frater brother
fuerunt they were fui I was
fuit he/she was furnarius baker

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Latin English Latin English
garcio boy, servant gemellae twins (female)
gemelli twins (male, or male & female) geminus twin
genealogia genealogy gener son-in-law
generis see genus generosus of noble birth, gentleman
genitor father genitores parents
genitus est he was born, begotten gens (gentis) male line, clan, tribe, lineage
genuit he/she was begotten genus (generis) sex, type, kind, birth, descent
germana real sister (by blood);German germania Germany
germanus real brother (by blood);German glos (gloris) sister-in-law (wife’s sister)
gradus degree, grade gratia grace, sake
gravida pregnant guardianus guardian
gubernium domain    

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Latin English Latin English
habent they have habet he/she has
habitans resident, inhabitant habitatio residence
habitavit he/she resided, dwelt habuit he/she had, held
haec this, the latter haereticus heretic
haud not hebdomada week
helvetia Switzerland heres (heredis) heir
heri yesterday hibernia Ireland
hic here hinc from here
his this, the latter hispania Spain
hoc this, the latter hodie today
homo (hominis) man, human being honestus respectable, honorable
hora hour hortulanus gardener
hospes (hospitis) innkeeper huius of this, of the latter
humationis burial humatus est he was buried
humilis humble, lowly hungaricus Hungarian
hydropsis dropsy    

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Latin English Latin English
iam already ibi  there
ibidem in the same place idem the same
ignotus unknown iit he/she went
illegitimus illegitimate illius of that, of the former
impedimentum hindrance, impediment imperium empire
imponit he imposes, places upon impositus imposed, placed upon
imposui I placed upon impregnata pregnant
impraegnavit he impregnated incarnationis of the incarnation
incola resident, inhabitant index (indicis) index
inerunt they entered into (marriage) infans (infantis) child, infant
inferior lower infirmus weak
infra below, under infrascriptus written below, undersigned
iniit he/she entered, began initiatus est he was baptized
injuria injury; worry inter between
intra within, during intronizati sunt they were married
intronizaverunt they married, have married inupta unmarried
invenit he/she found, discovered ipse himself, herself, itself
ita so, thus item also, likewise
ivit he/she went    

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Latin English Latin English
januarii of January jovis, dies Thursday
judaicus Jewish judicium court
julii of July juncti sunt they were joined (in marriage)
junii of June junior younger, junior
juravit he/she swore, took an oath jure legally, lawfully
juro I swear, testify jus (juris) law
juvenis young man, woman or person    

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Latin English Latin English
laborius worker, laborer lanarius wool worker
laniarius butcher laniator butcher
lanifex (lanificis) weaver laterarius brick maker
lautus est he was, has been, baptized lavacrum font
lavatus est he was baptized, washed lavo I baptize, wash
legio legion legitimatus legitimate
levabat he was holding, raising levans godparent
levantes the godparents levantibus by the godparents
levare ex fonte to act as a godparent levir husband’s brother
liber book, register, free liberi children
libra pound (weight) ligati sunt they were (have been) married
ligatus married, joined, married person ligavi I joined (in marriage)
lignarius joiner, cabinetmaker lignicidus woodcutter
linifex (linificis) linen weaver locus place
ludimagister schoolmaster, teacher ludus school
lunae, dies Monday lustrationis of the baptism

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Latin English Latin English
macellator butcher magis more
magister master magnus large, great
maii of May major greater, older
majorennis of legal age majoritatatis of legal age, majority
male badly malus bad, evil
mane in the morning manu propria (signed) by one’s own hand
manus hand, band marasmus weakness
maris of male, man marita married, wife
mariti married couple maritus married, husband
martii of March martis, dies Tuesday
mas male, man mater (matris) mother
matertera aunt, mother’s sister matrica register, record book
matrimoniorum, liber register of marriages matrimonium marriage
matrina godmother matruelis cousin on mother’s side
me me mecum with me
medicus doctor mendicus beggar
mense in the month (of) mensis month
mercator merchant mercenarius day laborer
mercurii, dies Wednesday meretrix (meretricis) harlot, prostitute
meridies noon meus mine
miles (militis) soldier, knight mille thousand
millesimus thousandth minorennis not of legal age
minoritatis of less than legal age, minority minus less
modo lately, presently, now modus manner, way
mola mill molitor miller
moneta money mons (montis) mountain
morbus disease more novo (according to) the new style
more vetere (according to) the old style moritur he/she died
mortis of death mortuus est he died
mos (moris) custom, manner mulier woman, wife
multus many munitus fortified, provided
mutuus mutual, common    

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Latin English Latin English
 n.n.=nomen nescio I do not know the name nativitas birth
naturalis natural, illegitimate natus est he was born
nauta sailor nec neither, nor
necessitatis of necessity necnon and also
negotiator merchant (commerce) nemo (neminis) no one
neosponsa newlywed (female) neosponsus newlywed (male)
nepos (nepotis) nephew, grandson neptis niece, granddaughter
neque and not nescit he doesn’t know
niger black nihil nothing
nisi if not nobilis noble
nobilitatis of nobility nocte at night
nomen name nomen nescio name not known
nominatus est he was named nomine by/with the name (of)
non not, no nonagenarius a person in his nineties
nonagesimus ninetieth nonaginta ninety
nongentesimus nine hundredth nongenti nine hundred
nonus ninth nonus decimus nineteenth
nos we, us noster our
nota bene note well, notice notarius notary
nothus illegitimate child novem nine
novembris of November noverca stepmother
nox night nudius earlier
nudius tertius three days earlier nullus no, none
numerus number nunc now, at this time
nunquam never nuper lately
nupserunt they married nupta married woman, bride
nuptias wedding nuptus married
nurus daughter-in-law nutritor foster father
nutrius foster child nutrix (nutricis) foster mother

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Latin English Latin English
ob on account of, for